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KMID : 0984920140160020105
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Journal of Skin Barrier Research
2014 Volume.16 No. 2 p.105 ~ p.105
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Production of Omega-Hydroxy Fatty Acids using Biocatalysis and Its Application to Cosmetic Materials
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Kim Byung-Gee
Jung Eun-Ok
Sung Chang-Min
Park Beom-Gi
Yun Hyung-Don
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Abstract
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ω-Hydroxy fatty acids (ω-OHFAs) are valuable chemicals for adhesives, lubricants, cosmetic intermediates and potential anticancer agents. Especially, ω-OHFAs have a potential as precursors for pseudo-ceramides. Although there are several processes for ω-OHFAs production by chemical synthesis, those have low yield and harsh reaction condition with high temperature. Here, we would like to discuss the production of ω -OHFAs using P450s which have the high regiospecificity to long chain fatty acids. To develop the biotransformation process for ω-OHFAs production, there are two major issues: enzyme engineering and host development. First, the several amino acids were substituted by site-directed mutagenesis to enhance the affinity for long-chain fatty acid based on bioinformatics tools. Second, because the omega-hydroxylation reaction is catalyzed by P450s with two electrons, we mimicked the self-sufficient P450 which is the most efficient electron transfer system in nature and the linker sequences were optimized. Third, cofactor regeneration system was developed to supply NAD(P)H in E.coli. Lastly, fadD (fatty acyl-CoA synthetase) which initiates cellular consumption of fatty acid was deleted and fadL (outer membrane long-chain fatty acid transporter) was over-expressed for substrate/product stability and substrate transport. Finally, 2.6 g/L (10.0 mM) of palmitic acid converted into 2.5 g/L (9.5 mM) of ω-hydroxy palmitic acid for 36hr with 0.07g/L/hr productivity. Also, ω-OHFAs were synthesized from glucose about 400mg/L.
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KEYWORD
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Pseudo-ceramide, P450, hydroxy fatty acid, skin barrier, mosturizer
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